1920s: Expressionism
Expressionism’s critical features include distorted shapes, broken lines, organic or biomorphic forms, huge sculptural shapes, extensive use of concrete and brick, and a lack of symmetry.
1930s: Functionalism
The term ‘functionalism’ was used to describe any utilitarian structure soon constructed for purely practical purposes without artistry.
1940s: Minimalism
The modernist architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe paved the way for minimalism when he said ‘less is more.’ Minimalist architects drew much of their inspiration from the elegant simplicity of traditional Japanese architecture. The style school valued simplicity and abstraction, using only straight lines and rectangular shapes.
1950s: International Style
The most famous example of the international style is the United Nations Secretariat building, initially designed by an international team of architects including Le Corbusier, Oscar Niemeyer, and Wallace Harrison. The sleek glass was used.
1960s: Metabolism
Metabolism is an organic building characterized by recycling and prefabrication—expansion and contraction as required; replaceable units (cells or pods); and sustainability. The philosophy of organic urban design is that structures must act like living creatures in a naturally changing and evolving environment.
1970s: High Technology
High-tech buildings are often referred to as machine-like buildings. Many building components are prefabricated in factories and assembled on site. Steel, aluminum, and glass are combined with brightly colored brackets, beams, and crossbeams. Support beams, air ducts, and other functional elements are placed on the exterior of the building and become the focus of attention.
Parameterization in the 1990s and 21st century
The design concept is to create a fluid, continuous skin that appears to fold into its surrounding plaza. At the same time, the interior is column-free to develop a continuously open and fluid space. The company describes: “Advanced computational technology allows for continuous control and communication of these complexities between the many project participants.